How Slavery started in the United States Research Paper

How Slavery started in the United States - Research Paper Example This is what the Romans did and the Greeks before them, it was the Europeans’ turn for imperialistic conquest. The New World conquest yielded new lands, riches and slave labor which set-off an imperialistic hunger that spread to Africa. It was closer, larger and the natives from that continent were preferred as slaves over the natives of the Americas. Initially, when the Spanish controlled the Caribbean islands, their interests were only in the mining of silver and gold. When the riches of the mines had been exhausted, the search for additional wealth moved inland and the Spaniards adopted a plantation based economy (Meyer, 2003). Products from the Americas such as tobacco, cotton, cocoa and sugar were becoming increasingly popular in Europe which caused the Caribbean plantations growing these commodities to grow accordingly. The shortage of man-power to operate these ever-growing plantations required many numbers of slaves from Africa to be imported. As the Spaniards were rea ping the rewards from its colonization of the Americas, their need for additional labor in the mines and plantations continued to grow. However, the local population was dwindling with the influx of disease and abuse and this, combined with Spain abolishing the enslavement of natives in the Americas in the mid 1500’s, necessitated a need to acquire Africans to fill their labor requirements (Meyer, 2003). By the early 19th century, the New World wealth had been well plundered and it was widely feared that the slaves emanating from there could spread new diseases in Europe or contract European diseases and die themselves. Africa was an attractive target to quench the Europeans’ new thirst to create far-away empires and control territories that held the raw materials needed to maintain and grow their prosperous economies which were built upon imperialistic tactics. New territories also meant the opportunity to trade with new markets. By the mid 19th century, the conquest for Africa was well underway. Gaining and controlling new territories outside the original country was justified by many explanations. A certain amount of national pride fueled the desire for an expansionist agenda. Obtaining new colonies was widely viewed as a gauge of a nation’s global prominence. Another justification was based on the prevalent racist attitude. â€Å"Europeans thought that they were better than Africans† (McDougal-Littell, 1999). Church officials and missionaries encouraged imperialism because the natives of conquered territories could be more easily coerced to convert to Christianity. In the initial phase of slavery in the New World (1519-1580), colonies were being formed and the trade of slaves was somewhat limited. From 1580 to 1650, slave trade from Africa soared because of the massive Native American deaths due to disease, the growth of the economy in the colonies and the unification of the Portuguese and Spanish governments (Palmer, 1976). The early era of colonization in the New World was a time of enormous changes as â€Å"the native Indian populations were decimated by disease and increasingly dominated by the Spanish social and economic structure† (Meyer, 2003). Slavery declined steadily during the years 1650 to 1827. â€Å"From New England to Virginia to Jamaica, the English planters in seventeenth-century America developed the habit of murdering the soil for a few quick crops and then moving along. On the sugar plantations, unhappily, they also murdered the slaves†

Organizational Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 11

Organizational Behavior - Essay Example Becoming a better leader is an important and worthy cause. Good leaders are able to motivate and improve the performance of the employees. Being a charismatic leader can be beneficial, but charismatic leadership is not the only effective form of leadership. Other leadership styles such as transformational and transactional leadership can help a manager lead a company in a productive manner. Behavioral theories and situational contingency theories can also be used by managers to improve leadership. Workplace diversity is a critical driver of innovation in an organization. The reason that diversity helps foster innovation is because a diverse workforce is more creative than a homogeneous workforce. The human resource department is responsible for hiring a diverse workforce composition within an enterprise. I believe that a lot of innovative companies have a diverse workforce. Due to the globalization movement many multinational firms operate in various countries simultaneously. These firms have to be adept at dealing with workforce diversity issues. Creativity within a workforce leads to product innovation. Do you think that motivation is best fostered with extrinsic rewards such as money or do you think that organizations and leaders should strive to develop intrinsic motivation (love of job, making a difference, etc.)? I believe that the most effective motivator is the use of extrinsic rewards. People at work are motivated by financial rewards. Some financial rewards often used by corporations include bonuses, commissions, and stock option plans. Intrinsic rewards can be effective as a secondary type of motivator. A firm can become more â€Å"asshole resistant† by recruiting employees that have strong moral character. The implementation of a code of ethics can create standards of conduct that the employees of a company must follow. High ethical conduct is desirable in all the

Upgrading Wastewater Treatment Facilities Coursework

Upgrading Wastewater Treatment Facilities - Coursework Example 1.0 Introduction With the inception of urbanization and the modern society, there has arisen a looming problem on water and sanitation. This has mostly been attributed to consequences resulting from population effects such as downgraded sewerage systems, poorly maintained wetlands just to mention but a few. This gives an evidence of the fact that wastewater and the methods used in its treatment have given lasting challenges to the society. Further, urgent measures have been necessitated by the history pollution abatement measures have had as entails the time factor; ever since industrialization, urbanization and similar revolutions were set on stage. At an earlier point in time, sanitation standards basically stipulated for the reduction of pollutions due to emissions emanating from pathogens and organic matter, but of recent times has been the focus on heavy metals and nutrients. Other than the modern approaches focusing on metallic compounds and nutrients, equally handy concepts ha ve been proposed accompanied by advanced levels of technologies that if effectively put in place, will push wastewater management practices to a newer level. The sewage treatment especially at individual homesteads has employed a variety of wastewater treatment concepts and philosophies among others. All these are aimed at achieving the ultimate goal of addressing current trends of wastewater both at the urban and rural levels. As a response to these strategies, various strategies including legislations have been put in place. A good example of such a legislation includes â€Å"The European Union Urban Wastewater Directive, 91/271/EEC; which states that agglomerations